Release Notes of the QNX 6.4.0 BSP for Centrality Atlas II EVB Trunk#

System requirements#

Target system#

• Board version: Centrality Atlas II motherboard version 2.1
• CPU board version 2.12 (with 64MB of RAM)
• CPU AT440 C-D-CC
• 7" LCD panel (resolution: 800x480) or 4" LCD panel (resolution: 320x240)
• ROM monitor: NBoot v2.01 or v5.0.
• Note: If the Atlas II board is populated with more than 64MB of RAM the startup code (i.e. init_raminfo.c) will need to be changed to add the proper RAM size.

Host development system#

• QNX Momentics 6.4.0 development platform
• Latest version of the QNX Momentics Character Driver Development Kit (DDK)
• Terminal emulation program (Qtalk, Momentics IDE Terminal, tip, HyperTerminal, etc.)
• RS-232 serial port and serial cable or USB to serial adaptor
• Ethernet link

System Layout#

The table below depicts the memory layout for the image and for the on-board flash.

Getting Started#

Step 1: Connect the hardware#

Connect the straight-through serial cable between the USP0 port (P7) on the Atlas II, and a free serial port on the host PC you wish to use.

Connect the supplied USB cable to the P11 connector (USB client) on the centrality Atlas II board. Connect the other end of the USB cable to a free USB port on a Windows PC.

Step 2: Generate the OS image and IPL#

You can build a BSP OS image from the source code or the binary components contained in a BSP package.

For instructions about building a BSP OS image, please refer to the chapter Working with a BSP in the Building Embedded Systems manual.

The pre-built IPL binary provided with the binary components needs to be padded to 16 KB before transferring it to the board via NBoot. This step is done automatically when generating the IPL binary from the source code.

Use the following script to pad the IPL binary to 16 KB:

      #script to build a binary IPL for the Atlas-II evaluation board 
      set -v 
      rm -f ipl-atlasii.bin 
      #convert IPL into an S-record 
      ${QNX_HOST}/usr/bin/ntoarm-objcopy -Osrec ipl-atlasii ipl-tmp-atlasii.srec 
      #convert S-Record IPL to binary 
      ${QNX_HOST}/usr/bin/ntoarm-objcopy -Obinary ipl-tmp-atlasii.srec ipl.tmp 
      mkrec -r -ffull -s16k ipl.tmp > ipl-atlasii.bin 
      #cleaning up temporary files 
      rm -f *tmp* 

This step is necessary only when transferring the pre-built IPL via NBoot or the IDE.

Step 3: Transfer the IPL to the on-board NAND flash#

Before transferring the OS image to the board, you'll need to program the IPL to the flash. The Centrality Altas II board is equipped with on-board NAND flash (either on the mainboard (MB) or on the CPU module (CM)) and a SmartMedia card reader. It is possible to boot from any of these flash devices. Therefore you can transfer the IPL to either one of these boot devices.

The IPL will be flashed on top of the ROM monitor NBoot. Once the NBoot is replaced by the QNX IPL, it will not be possible to reflash NBoot back into the board. However it will still be possible to update the IPL by using the I option from the IPL menu. See Step 3.2: Update the IPL for more details.

• If you wish to keep a copy of the ROM monitor on the board, you can flash it into the Smartmedia card before copying the IPL to the on-board flash. You can follow the steps documented in Step 4.1: Program the IPL as a guideline. Replace any reference to IPL with ROM monitor in order to program the ROM monitor into the Smartmedia card.

Step 3.1: Program the IPL#

On your host machine, start your favorite terminal program with these settings:

• Baud: 38400
• Bits: 8
• Stop bits: 1
• Parity: none

The Atlas II board has a two-stage boot process. The first loader to run is called NBoot, which will present the user with a menu of further boot and configuration options. The second loader called EBoot won't be used.

The following procedure will replace the NBoot loader completely with a QNX Initial Program Loader, which can then be used to load a QNX OS image, either serially, or from the on-board flash. To perform this procedure, you will need a Microsoft Windows Utility called AtlasMgr2.exe (for NBoot v2.01) or AltasMgr5.exe (for NBoot v5.0), available from Centrality.

You will also need to install a USB device driver on the Windows host for the Atlas II board. This driver is also available from Centrality.

The Centrality tools are usually provided with the Centrality Atlas II board.

Transfer the binary IPL, to a MS Windows host that is connected to the Atlas II board via the USB link. The binary IPL file is called ipl-atlasii.bin. If you have the binary-only version of the BSP, it can be found in the $QNX_TARGET/armle/boot/sys.

See Step 2: Generate the OS image and IPL for more details.

If you have the source version of the BSP, it can be found in the <bsp_root_dir>/install/armle/boot/sys directory.

There are two banks of DIP switches in the lower right corner of the Atlas II board, SW1 and SW2. Each bank has 4 DIP switches. Place all eight DIP switches in the OFF position. This puts the board into Normal Operation Mode, and selects NAND_CS0 (i.e. on-board NAND flash) as the boot device.

Apply power to the Centrality Atlas II board. On the serial console, you should the following NBoot output when using NBoot v2.01:

      WinCE NAND Boot v2.01 
      Jun 27 2005 12:13:09 

      TOC: 0x00000001 
      EBOOT: 0x00000002 
      NANDXIP: 0x00000000 
      DM: 0x00000000 
      Image start: 0x0000000C 
      Image Blocks: 0x00000000 
      g_dwIoClock: 0x02FAF080 
      1): Launch NK 
      2): Launch EBOOT 
      3): Launch DM 
      4): Enter USB Mode to Update Bootloader 
      6): Erase flash except NBOOT 
      7): Show NBOOT Menu: ENABLED 
      9): FCE2/3 Setting 
      0): Clock set 
      Select: 

If the above NBoot menu isn't displayed, press the the lower right button on below the LCD panel and simultaneously press the reset button. The NBoot menu should then be visible. Select the option #7 in order to permanently display the NBoot menu at boot time.

• When using NBoot version 2.01:

1. Select the option #4, Enter USB Mode to Update Bootloader. You will then see the following message:

      Plug in USB.

2. If you have correctly installed the USB device driver on the MS Windows host, you should then see the following message:

      USB Configured!

3. From the MS Windows host, run the AtlasMgr2.exe program. In the Transport area, make sure that USB is selected. Then click on Open.

4. In the Target Media section, select NandFlash CS0. In the Update Functions section, select Update NBoot.

• When using NBoot version 5.0:

1. Make sure that you have correctly installed the USB device driver on the MS Windows host and that the USB cable is plugged in..

2. From the MS Windows host, run the AtlasMgr5.exe program. In the Transport area, make sure that USB is selected.

3. Then simultaneously reset the board and quickly click on the Open button of the AtlasMgr5.exe program until the NBoot output appears in the USB Terminal section of the AtlasMgr5.exe program.

4. In the Target Media section, select Atlas CS0. In the Update Functions section, select Update NBoot.

5. In the Open dialog box that appears, navigate to the ipl-atlasii.bin file, and select it.

6. The IPL will now be programmed to the NBoot area of the CS0 NAND flash. The AtlasMgr utility should display the following message when the IPL is successfully programmed to the flash:

      Update NBoot Successful! 

Change the baud rate of your terminal to 115200.

Reset the Atlas II board.

You should then see the following IPL output (or similar):

      QNX Neutrino Initial Program Loader for Centrality ATLAS-II board Commands: 
      Press 'D' for serial download, using the 'sendnto' utility 
      Press 'F' to Boot an OS image from NAND flash 
      Press 'U' to Copy an OS image to NAND flash 
      Press 'I' to Update the IPL 
      Press 'S' to Select Clock 

Step 3.2: Update the IPL#

Once the IPL is running on the board, you can update the IPL with a new version.

Copy the IPL to the host system that is connected to the Atlas II board via a serial link.

The IPL file should be called ipl-atlasii (ELF format only for command line users).

This binary can be obtained from $QNX_TARGET/armle/boot/sys or from <bsp_root_dir>/src/hardware/ipl/boards/atlasii/arm/le.

For IDE users, both binary (i.e. ipl-atlasii.bin) or ELF formats can be used.

• Select the IPL option I to download and to program the IPL into the flash.

      Booting from on-board NAND flash  
      Press "1" to update IPL on SM card  
      Press any other key to update IPL on on-board NAND flash 

Press any key to update the IPL only on the on-board NAND flash which you've booted from. You should see the following message:

      send the IPL now... 

The option "1" will allow you to transfer the IPL on the SmartMedia card.

Use the QNX sendnto utility to transfer the IPL from the host to the Centrality Atlas II board. For instance, from the command line, run sendnto as follows:

      sendnto -d <host-serial-port> ipl-atlasii 

Once the IPL is successfully downloaded and programmed into the flash you should see the following message:

      Update IPL OK

Reset the board. You should then see the new IPL output. For instance:

      QNX Neutrino Initial Program Loader for Centrality ATLAS-II board 
      Commands: 
      Press 'D' for serial download, using the 'sendnto' utility 
      Press 'F' to Boot an OS image from NAND flash 
      Press 'U' to Copy an OS image to NAND flash 
      Press 'I' to Update the IPL 
      Press 'S' to Select Clock 

Step 4: Transfer the IPL to the Smartmedia NAND flash (Alternative to Step 3)#

The Centrality Altas II board is equipped with on-board NAND flash (either on the mainboard (MB) or on the CPU module (CM)) and a SmartMedia card reader.

It is possible to boot from any of these flash devices. Therefore you can transfer the IPL to either one of these boot devices.

The IPL will be flashed on top of the ROM monitor NBoot. Once the NBoot is replaced by the QNX IPL, it will not be possible to reflash NBoot back into the board. However it will still be possible to update the IPL by using the I option from the IPL menu. See Step 4.2: Update the IPL for more details.

If you wish to keep a copy of the ROM monitor on the board, you can flash it into the on-board NAND flash before copying the IPL to the SM card. You can follow the steps documented in Step 3.1: Program the IPL as a guideline. Replace any reference to IPL with ROM monitor in order to program the ROM monitor into the on-board NAND flash.

Step 4.1: Program the IPL#

On your host machine, start your favorite terminal program with these settings:

• Baud: 38400
• Bits: 8
• Stop bits: 1
• Parity: none

The Atlas II board has a two-stage boot process. The first loader to run is called NBoot, which will present the user with a menu of further boot and configuration options. The second loader called EBoot won't be used.

The following procedure will replace the NBoot loader with a QNX Initial Program Loader, which can then be used to load a QNX OS image, either serially, or from the on-board flash. To perform this procedure, you will need a Microsoft Windows Utility called AtlasMgr2.exe (for NBoot v2.01) or AltasMgr5.exe (for NBoot v5.0), available from Centrality. You will also need to install a USB device driver on the Windows HOST for the Atlas II board. This driver is also available from Centrality. The Centrality tools are usually provided with the Centrality Atlas II board.

Transfer the binary IPL, to a MS Windows HOST that is connected to the Atlas II board via the USB link.#

• The binary IPL file is called ipl-atlasii.bin. If you have the binary-only version of the BSP, it can be found in the $QNX_TARGET/armle/boot/sys. See Step 2: Generate the OS image and IPL for more details. If you have the source version of the BSP, it can be found in the <bsp_root_dir>/install/armle/boot/sys directory.
• There are two banks of DIP switches in the lower right corner of the Atlas II board, SW1 and SW2. Each bank has 4 DIP switches. Place all eight DIP switches in the OFF position. This puts the board into Normal Operation Mode, and selects NAND_CS0 (i.e. on-board NAND flash) as the boot device.
• Insert the SmartMedia card in its slot.
• Apply power to the Centrality Atlas II board. On the serial console, you should the following NBoot output when using the version 2.01:

      WinCE NAND Boot v2.01 
      Jun 27 2005 12:13:09 
      TOC: 0x00000001 
      EBOOT: 0x00000002 
      NANDXIP: 0x00000000 
      DM: 0x00000000 
      Image start: 0x0000000C 
      Image Blocks: 0x00000000 
      g_dwIoClock: 0x02FAF080 
      1): Launch NK 
      2): Launch EBOOT 
      3): Launch DM 
      4): Enter USB Mode to Update Bootloader 
      6): Erase flash except NBOOT 
      7): Show NBOOT Menu: ENABLED 
      9): FCE2/3 Setting 
      0): Clock set 
      Select: 

• If the above NBoot menu isn't displayed, press the the lower right button on below the LCD panel and simultaneously press the reset button. The NBoot menu should then be visible. Select the option #7 in order to permanently display the NBoot menu at boot time.
• Select the option FCE2/3 Setting then select the option #1 from the following sub-menu to select SM (SmartMedia).

      0): FCE2 -> Empty 
      1): FCE3 -> SM 
      2): Return 
      Select: 

• When using NBoot version 2.01:

      Plug in USB

      USB Configured! 

• When using NBoot version 5.0:

2. From the MS Windows host, run the AtlasMgr5.exe program. In the Transport area, make sure that USB is selected.

3. Then simultaneously reset the board and quickly click on the Open button of the AtlasMgr5.exe program until the

4. NBoot output appears in the USB Terminal section of the AtlasMgr5.exe program.

5. In the Target Media section, select Atlas CS3.

6. In the Update Functions section, select Update NBoot.

7. In the Open dialog box that appears, navigate to the ipl-atlasii.bin file, and select it.

• The IPL will now be programmed to the NBoot area of the CS3 NAND flash (Smartmedia flash). The AtlasMgr utility should display the following message when the IPL is successfully programmed to the flash:

      Update NBoot Successfully!

• Turn the power off. Set the SW2No InterWiki reference defined in properties for Wiki called "0"! switches on the mainboard to respectively On, On, On, Off (i.e. Boot Mode: SM_CS). This will use the SmartMedia card as the boot device.
• Change the baud rate of your terminal to 115200.
• Turn the power back on.
• You should then see the following IPL output (or similar):

      QNX Neutrino Initial Program Loader for Centrality ATLAS-II board 
      Commands: 
      Press 'D' for serial download, using the 'sendnto' utility 
      Press 'F' to Boot an OS image from NAND flash 
      Press 'U' to Copy an OS image to NAND flash 
      Press 'I' to Update the IPL 
      Press 'S' to Select Clock 

Step 4.2: Update the IPL#

Once the IPL is running on the board, you can update the IPL with a new version.

Copy the IPL to the host system that is connected to the Atlas II board via a serial link. The IPL file should be called ipl-atlasii (ELF format only for command line users). This binary can be obtained from $QNX_TARGET/armle/boot/sys or from <bsp_root_dir>/src/hardware/ipl/boards/atlasii/arm/le.

For IDE users, both binary (i.e. ipl-atlasii.bin) or ELF formats can be used.

Select the IPL option I to download and to program the IPL into the flash.

You should see the following submenu:

      Booting from SM card 
      Press "1" to update IPL on MB NAND flash (CM NAND flash update not supported) 
      Press any other key to update IPL on SM card 

      send the IPL now...

The option "1" will allow to transfer the IPL on the on-board NAND flash located on the mainboard.

Updating the IPL on the flash located on the CPU module, when booting from the SM card, isn't supported.

Use the QNX sendnto utility to transfer the IPL from the host to the Centrality Atlas II board. For instance, from the command line, run sendnto as follows:

      sendnto -d <host-serial-port> ipl-atlasii

Once the IPL is successfully downloaded and programmed into the flash you should see the following message:

      Update IPL OK

Reset the board. You should then see the new IPL output.

For instance:

      QNX Neutrino Initial Program Loader for Centrality ATLAS-II board 
      Commands: 
      Press 'D' for serial download, using the 'sendnto' utility 
      Press 'F' to Boot an OS image from NAND flash 
      Press 'U' to Copy an OS image to NAND flash 
      Press 'I' to Update the IPL 
      Press 'S' to Select Clock 

Step 5: Transfer the OS image to the board#

Once the IPL is running on the board, use the following steps to transfer the OS image to the board. You can either transfer the OS image into RAM and execute it from RAM or transfer it to flash then boot from flash.

Step 5.1: Transfer the OS image to RAM#

Locate the QNX OS image (ifs-atlasii.bin) generated in Step 2: Generate the OS image and IPL.

Select the IPL option D to download the OS image serially to the board.

Use the QNX sendnto utility to transfer the OS image from the host to the Centrality Atlas II board. For instance:

      sendnto -d <host-serial-port> ifs-atlasii.bin

Once the transfer is completed, the OS image will be executed and QNX Neutrino will boot on the board. You should also see the following welcome message on your terminal screen:

      Welcome to QNX Neutrino 6.x on the Centrality Communications Atlas II Board 

Step 5.2: Transfer the OS image and program it into the NAND flash (optional)#

Once the IPL is running on the board, use the following steps to transfer the OS image to the board and program it to the flash.

• Select the IPL option U to download the OS image serially to the board and to program it to the NAND flash which you've booted from (i.e. either on-board NAND or Smartmedia).
• Use the QNX sendnto utility to transfer the OS image from the host to the Centrality Atlas II board.

      sendnto -d<host-serial-port> ifs-atlasii.bin.

• Once the transfer is completed, the OS image will be programmed to the NAND flash. This might take a few seconds. Once this operation is completed the board will reset automatically. Make sure that the size of the IFS image is smaller than the amount of flash.
• Select the IPL option F to download the OS image from NAND to RAM and execute it. QNX Neutrino will then boot on the board.

• You should also see the following welcome message on your terminal screen:

      Welcome to QNX Neutrino 6.x on the Centrality Communications Atlas II Board 

• You can now test the OS simply by executing any shell builtin command or any command residing within the OS image (e.g. pidin).

Change the clock settings (optional)#

Once the IPL is running on the board, you can use the following steps to change the clock settings for the Atlas II board. Select the IPL option S to change the clock settings. You should see the following output:

      a) SDR_276_184_92_46 
      b) SDR_264_176_88_44 
      c) SDR_252_168_84_42 
      d) SDR_240_160_80_40 
      e) SDR_228_152_76_38 
      f) SDR_216_144_72_36 
      g) SDR_276_184_92_92 
      h) SDR_264_176_88_88 
      i) SDR_252_168_84_84 
      j) SDR_240_160_80_80  
      k) SDR_228_152_76_76 
      l) SDR_216_144_72_72 
      1) return: 

      g) SDR_276_184_92_92 

• Select the desired frequency option. Once the OS image is loaded into RAM the clock settings selected from the IPL will be applied.

Summary of driver commands#

The driver command lines below are specific to the Centrality Atlas II board. See the online docs for each driver for additional command-line options and other details.

Serial#

Command when booting from the ROM monitor NBoot:

      devc-seratlasii -e -F -b38400 

      devc-seratlasii -e -F -b115200 

USP#

Command for USP 1:

      devc-seratlasii_usp -F -b38400 -u3 0x80010000,21,1 

      devc-seratlasii_usp -F -b38400 -u3 0x80020000,22,2 

      devc-seratlasii_usp -F -b38400 -u3 0x80030000,23,3 

      devc-seratlasii_usp -F -b38400 -u3 0x80040000,400,4 

      devc-seratlasii_usp -E -F -b38400 -u3 0x80050000,401,5 

Ethernet#

Command:

      io-net -dne2000 ioport=0x14000000,irq=205 -ptcpip 
      ifconfig en0 x.x.x.x 

ETFS NAND flash#

Command to run the ETFS NAND flash driver on a Samsung K9K1G08U0M on-board flash part (128MB):

      fs-etfs-atlasii512 -r65536 -m /fs/etfs

Command to run the ETFS NAND flash driver on a Samsung K9F1208U0B on-board flash part (64MB):

      fs-etfs-atlasii512 -r32768 -m /fs/etfs

      etfsctl -d /dev/etfs2 -S -f -c 

The above commands are to be executed on the boot device (which could be either the on-board NAND or the SM card). It is possible to run the ETFS driver on the other flash part (which wasn't used for booting) using the following options:

      fs-etfs-atlasii512 -r<cluster-number> -D cs -m /fs/etfs

SD card#

Command to run the SD card block driver on a SD flash card (4GB maximum):

      devb-sd-atlasii sd nodma,sg,bs=evb  

If the card has been formatted with a QNX filesystem (i.e. type 77 for instance), you can mount the device using the follow command:

      mount /dev/hd0t77 /sd0 

      mount -tdos /dev/hd0t11 /sd0 

Audio#

Command to run the Audio driver:

      io-audio -d atlasii_ac97  

Graphics#

Command to run the LCD graphics driver:

      io-display -c /etc/system/config/display.atlasii.conf -dvid=0,did=0

USB#

Command:

      io-usb -d atlasii ioport=0x57f00000,irq=17

I2C#

Command to run the I2C driver:

      i2c-atlasii