Release Notes for the QNX Neutrino 6.4.0 BSP for Atmel AT91SAM9261-EK Board#

System requirements#

Target system#

• QNX Neutrino RTOS 6.4.0
• Board: Atmel at91sam9261-EK Evaluation Board
• Data-Flash: AT45DCB008D (8 MB) CARD
• SDRAM: 16-bit Micron MT48LC16M16A2 (64 MB) SDRAM
• NAND Flash: Samsung K9F2G08U0A (256 MB) NAND Flash

Host development system#

• QNX Momentics 6.4.0, one of the following host systems:
  • QNX Neutrino 6.4.0
  • Microsoft Windows Vista, XP SP2 or SP3, 2000 SP4
  • Linux Red Hat 8 or 9, Linux Red Hat Enterprise Workstation 3 or 4, Red Hat Fedora Core 3 or 4, or SUSE 10
• Terminal emulation program (Qtalk, Momentics IDE Terminal, tip, HyperTerminal, etc.)
• Windows Machine required SAM-BA appication to download the image on Data-Flash.
• RS-232 serial port
• NULL-modem serial cable
• USB cable to connect board with windows Machine

Getting Started#

Step 1: Connect your hardware#

Step 2: Build the BSP#

mkflashimage script creates a combined IPL/IFS image as ipl-ifs-at91sam9261.bin
The mkflashimage script:

#!/bin/sh
# script to build a binary IPL and boot image for ATMEL AT91SAM9261 Evaluation Kit board.
# NOTE the image (ipl-ifs-at91sam9261.bin) must be built as binary, i.e. [virtual=armle,binary] in the buildfile 
set -v

#       Convert IPL into BINARY format
${QNX_HOST}/usr/bin/ntoarm-objcopy --input-format=elf32-littlearm --output-format=binary -R.data ../install/armle/boot/sys/ipl-at91sam9261 ipl-tmp-at91sam9261.bin

#       Pad BINARY IPL
mkrec -s16k -ffull -r ipl-tmp-at91sam9261.bin > ipl-at91sam9261.bin

#       Combine the BINARY IPL with the BINARY OS Image
cat ./ipl-at91sam9261.bin ./ifs-at91sam9261.bin > ipl-ifs-at91sam9261.bin

#       Cleaning up temporary files
rm -f *tmp*

Step 3A: Download the Bootable IFS image.#

• Then NAND Flash Boot program is executed. The NAND Flash Boot program searches for a valid application in the NAND Flash memory. If a valid application is found, this application is loaded into internal SRAM and executed by branching at address 0x0000_0000 after remap.
• If no NAND Flash Boot program is found, the Data-Flash Boot program is then executed. It looks for a sequence of seven valid ARM exception vectors in a Data-Flash connected to the SPI. All these vectors must be B-branch or LDR load register instructions except for the sixth vector. This vector is used to store the size of the image to download. If a valid sequence is found, code is downloaded into the internal SRAM. This is followed by a remap and a jump to the first address of the SRAM.If no valid ARM vector sequence is found, SAM-BA Boot is then executed. It waits for transactions either on the USB device, or on the DBGU serial port.

Install and setup SAM-BA#

1. Install "AT91-ISP v1.12.exe" .

2. Intall "ActiveTcl8.5.5.0.287690-win32-ix86-threaded.exe" i.e.TCL environment which is used by SAM-BA (any other TCL environment can also be used) .

3. Connect serial cable with windows machine, and use any serial port application such as teraterm or hyperterminal, and attach it with COM device, with baud rate set as 115200. Remove jumper J21 .

4. Restart the board, hyperterminal will be showing following message .

RomBOOT
>

5. Connect usb cable with windows machine, It will prompt with a new usb hardware found message, and will try to install the corresponding driver .

6. Check device has enumerated properly by looking into device manager. Enable jumper J21 .

7. Start SAM-BA 2.6 with \usb\ARM0 as connection.

Loading the IFS image using SAM-BA#

• Select the Data-Flash AT45DB/DCB tab in SAM-BA Application. Execute the Enable Data-flash on CS0 script.
• Select the ipl-ifs-at91sam9261.bin file to be sent to the target, and then press Send File. Depending on the size of your file, it will take a few seconds up to a minute.

RomBOOT
>

QNX Neutrino Initial Program Loader for ATMEL AT91SAM9261-EK
Commands:

Press 'D' for serial download, using the 'sendnto' utility
Press 'F' to Boot an OS image from SPI/SERIAL flash
ATMEL AT45DB642D/AT45DCB008D SPI Flash detected.

QNX IFS image detected on page: 00000010 Offset: 00000220 Size: 0063AA2C
##############################################################Done
found image, calling image setup...
image_setup OK, calling image start...


PIO init : DBGU, TWI (I2C), SPI, NAND, LCD, SD/MMC. 
CPU0: Dcache: 512x32 WB
CPU0: Icache: 512x32
CPU0: 41069265: arm926 rev 5 100MHz
elf_map: 1M va=fe000000 pa=21000000 sz=00100000
elf_map: 1M va=fe000000 pa=21000000 sz=00100000
Header size=0x0000009c, Total Size=0x00000508, #Cpu=1, Type=4
Section:system_private offset:0x000001f0 size:0x00000068
  syspage ptr user:fc404000 kernel:fc404000
  cpupage ptr user:fc404808 kernel:fc404808 spacing:84
  kdebug info:00000000 callback:00000000
  boot pgms: idx=0
    0) base paddr:21010000 start addr:fe03d838
  ramsize:00000000 pagesize:00001000
Section:qtime offset:0x00000148 size:0x00000060
  boot:00000000 CPS:00000000002faf08 rate/scale:320000000/-15 intr:1
Section:callout offset:0x000000a0 size:0x00000048
  reboot:fc404680 power:fc4046a0
  timer_load:fc4046b4 reload:fc4046dc value:fc404708
  0) display:fc404728 poll:fc40474c break:fc404770
  1) display:00000000 poll:00000000 break:00000000
Section:cpuinfo offset:0x000001a8 size:0x00000020
  0) cpu:41069265 flags:40000000 speed:00000064 cache i/d:1/0 name:53
Section:cacheattr offset:0x000004c8 size:0x00000040
  0) flags:32 size:0020 #lines:0200 control:fc404508 next:255
  1) flags:11 size:0020 #lines:0200 control:fc40455c next:255
Section:meminfo offset:0x00000508 size:0x00000000
Section:asinfo offset:0x00000328 size:0x00000160
  0000) 0000000000000000-00000000ffffffff o:ffff a:0010 p:100 c:00000000 n:21
  0020) 0000000020000000-0000000023ffffff o:0000 a:0017 p:100 c:00000000 n:28
  0040) 0000000000000000-00000000ffffffff o:ffff a:0010 p:100 c:00000000 n:21
  0060) 0000000020000000-0000000023ffffff o:0040 a:0007 p:100 c:00000000 n:32
  0080) 000000002100e108-000000002163aa2b o:0000 a:0005 p:100 c:00000000 n:60
  00a0) 0000000021000000-000000002100e107 o:0000 a:0007 p:100 c:00000000 n:68
  00c0) 000000002100e108-000000002163aa2b o:0000 a:0007 p:100 c:00000000 n:76
  00e0) 0000000020000000-0000000020007fff o:0020 a:0007 p:100 c:00000000 n:84
  0100) 000000002001085c-0000000020ffffff o:0020 a:0007 p:100 c:00000000 n:84
  0120) 000000002163aa2c-0000000023dcffff o:0020 a:0007 p:100 c:00000000 n:84
  0140) 0000000023fd0000-0000000023ffffff o:0020 a:0007 p:100 c:00000000 n:84
Section:hwinfo offset:0x000002e0 size:0x00000048
  0) size:3 tag:3 isize:3, iname:0, owner:65535, kids:1
  12) size:3 tag:17 isize:3, iname:9, owner:0, kids:1
  24) size:3 tag:3 isize:3, iname:37, owner:12, kids:1
  36) size:4 tag:46 isize:4, iname:41, owner:24, kids:0
     00 00 00 00
Section:typed_strings offset:0x00000258 size:0x00000028
  off:0 type:5 string:'AT91SAM9261'
  off:16 type:2 string:'localhost'
Section:strings offset:0x00000280 size:0x00000060
  [0]'hw' [3]'Group' [9]'unknown' [17]'Bus' [21]'memory' [28]'ram' [32]'1to1'
  [37]'rtc' [41]'NONE' [46]'Device' [53]'arm926' [60]'imagefs' [68]'startup'
  [76]'bootram' [84]'sysram'
Section:intrinfo offset:0x00000488 size:0x00000040
  0) vector_base:00000000, #vectors:32, cascade_vector:7fffffff
     cpu_intr_base:00000000, cpu_intr_stride:0, flags:0000
      id => flags:8000, size:002c, rtn:fc4045c8
     eoi => flags:9000, size:0028, rtn:fc4045f4
     mask:fc40461c, unmask:fc404640, config:00000000
Section:smp offset:0x00000508 size:0x00000000
Section:pminfo offset:0x00000508 size:0x00000000
Section:mdriver offset:0x00000508 size:0x00000000
Section:boxinfo offset:0x000001c8 size:0x00000028
  hw_flags:00000000
Section:cpu offset:0x00000128 size:0x00000020
  page_flush:fc40458c page_flush_deferred:fc4045c4
  upte_ro:00000aae upte_rw:00000ffe
  kpte_ro:0000000e kpte_rw:0000055e
  mask_nc:0000000c
  mmu_cr1:00051078 set:0000317f clr:00000000 -> 0005317f

System page at phys:20010000 user:fc404000 kern:fc404000
Starting next program at vfe03d838
cpu_startnext: cpu0 -> fe03d838
Welcome to QNX Neutrino 6.4 on the Atmel AT91SAM9261 Board
Starting DBGU driver...
Starting SPI0 driver...
Starting SPI1 driver...
Starting USB driver...
starting Input Drivers...
Starting Graphics driver...
Starting SD/MMC driver...
#


You can test the OS simply by executing any shell builtin command or any command residing within the OS image (e.g. ls). 

Step 3B: Reprogram the IPL.#

In case if Board is new or IPL gets corrupted, We can reprogram IPL using SAM-BA application.

• Select the Data-Flash AT45DB/DCB tab in SAM-BA application window, . Execute the Enable Data-flash on CS0 script.
• Select the ipl-at91sam9261.bin file to be sent to the target, and then press Send File. It will take a few seconds up to a minute.
• Snapshot is as follows:

Summary of driver commands#

The driver command lines below are specific to the Atmel AT91SAM9261 board. See the online docs for each driver for additional command-line options and other details.

Note: Some of the following drivers are commented out in the default buildfile. To use the drivers in the target hardware, you'll need to uncomment them in your buildfile, rebuild the image, and load the image into the board.

Startup:#

    startup-at91sam9261 -r 0x23dd0000,0x200000,1 -vvvvvvv

Serial:#

    devc-serdebug -e -F -S -b115200 -c50000000 0xfffff200,1

• devc-serdebug

MMC SD:#

    devb-mmcsd-at91sam9xx mmcsd ioport=0xFFFA8000,irq=9

• devb-mmcsd-at91sam9xx
• libcam.so
• cam-disk.so
• io-blk.so
• fs-dos.so
• fs-qnx4.so

SPI:#

    spi-master -u0 -d at91sam9xx  base=0xFFFC8000,irq=12,clock=50000000

    spi-master -u1 -d at91sam9xx  base=0xFFFCC000,irq=13,clock=50000000

• spi-master
• spi-at91sam9xx.so

ETFS NAND flash#

    fs-etfs-at91sam9xx -D addr=0x40000000,board_id=at91sam9261-ek -m /fs/etfs

• fs-etfs-at91sam9xx
• etfsctl

Graphics#

    Photon &
    waitfor /dev/photon
    io-display -dvid=0x0,did=0x0
    io-graphics
    pwm &
    pterm -x10 -y10 -h250 -w200 -t"QNX 6.4.0" -K 03 &
    devc-pty &

Required binaries:

• devg-at91sam9261.so
• libph.so
• libAp.so
• libphexlib.so
• libphrender.so
• libffb.so
• libdisputil.so
• libimg.so.1
• ttfFFcore.so
• PHFcore.so
• FCcore.so
• libFF-T2K.so
• libblkcache.so
• libFF-T2K-fm.so
• libFF-T2K-cache.so
• phfont.so
• libfontutils.so
• libfont.so

• /usr/photon/config/at91sam9261.conf=${PWD}/../src/hardware/devg/atl91sam9261/at91sam9261.conf
• /etc/system/config/display.conf=${PWD}/../src/hardware/devg/atl91sam9xx/display.conf

About graphics#

LCD Displays#

• By default the driver sets up the Hitachi TX09D71VM1CCA TFT with the AT91SAM9261 reference board.

The LCD controller for the AT91SAM9261 expects colors to be in the format of BGR. The QNX graphics framework specify the colorformat as RGB. The graphics driver is now providing the entry points for the SW rendering to be done in the correct format.The file fbaccess.c implements the s/w rendering functions for rgb888 format.

Reserving Memory / Memory Restrictions#

• To ensure there is enough memory available for graphics, we recommend that memory be reserved at startup by using the -r option to startup.

startup-at91sam9261 -r 0x23dd0000,0x200000,1 -vvvvvvv

where 0x23dd0000 is the physical base address of memory, and 0x200000 is the size of memory reserved in bytes.

For a list of options available to the driver please see the at91sam9261.conf file.